Streptomyces fukangensis sp. nov., A Novel Alkaliphilic Actinomycete Isolated from A Saline-alkaline Soil
2014-02-24
The genus Streptomyces contains nearly 630 validly named species. Streptomyces species are well known as a rich source of antibiotics and bioactive molecules. In recent years, the search for novel pharmaceutical agents against drug resistant microbes from common Streptomyces species has become a more difficult and costly task, therefore, more attention has focused on streptomycetes from unusual and unexplored environments, such as marine environments and desert soil.
In this study, an alkaliphilic actinobacterium, designated EGI 80050T, was isolated from a desert soil sample of Xinjiang, north-west China, and characterized by a polyphasic approach. The isolate was observed to produce purple orange-yellow aerial mycelium and dark orange-yellow substrate mycelium on yeast extract-malt extract agar medium. Whole-cell hydrolysates of strain EGI 80050T were found to contain LL-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid, and galactose, glucose, rhamnose and mannose as the main sugars. The major fatty acids identified were C16:0-iso (36.8%), C15:0-anteiso (17.3%), 15:0-iso (13.2%) and 14:0-iso (10.5%). The predominant menaquinones detected were MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H8), while the characteristic polar lipids were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine and three unknown phospholipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was determined to be 67.9 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences affiliated the strain EGI 80050T to the genus Streptomyces. Levels of 16 rRNA gene sequence similarities between strain EGI 80050T and Streptomyces candidus NRRL ISP-5141T, Streptomyces cremeus NBRC 12760T, Streptomyces spiroverticillatus NBRC 12821T, Streptomyces violaceorectus NBRC 13102T, Streptomyces cinereoruber subsp. cinereoruber NBRC 12756T were 96.7, 96.6, 96.6, 96.6 and 96.6 %, respectively.
Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain EGI 80050T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces fukangensis sp. nov. (type strain EGI 80050T=BCRC 16945T=JCM19127T) is proposed. The result was published in Antonie van Leeuwenhoek in December 2013.